The Old City of Jerusalem 2025
Jerusalem
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The population of Ottoman Palestine in 1878, totaling 440,850, was made up of several ethnic groups and members of various denominations of the three monotheistic faiths. Each of these had maintained a presence of varying size in the area for well over ten centuries.
Some 386,320 Muslim Palestinian Arabs represented the overwhelming majority (88%) in a land, which had been under uninterrupted Muslim rule since 1187. This population included both Sunni (the vast majority) and Shi’ite communities, as well as members of the Druze sect. The overwhelming majority of the population was rural, with agriculture as the principal source of income and the center of traditional life.